Shutter speed and Aperture

Slow shutter speed combined with panning the camera can achieve a motion blur for moving objects. In photography, shutter speed or exposure time is the length of time a camera's shutter is open when taking a photograph. The amount of light that reaches the film or image sensor is proportional to the exposure time.

Here is an example of shutter speed, as you can see by the photo the bigger the number the more it catches the movement in one photograph.

Aperture

In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture of an optical systemis the opening that controls the cone angle of a package of rays that come to a focus in the image.

Diagram of decreasing aperture sizes (increasing f-numbers) for "full stop" increments (factor of two aperture area per stop). In optics, the f-number (sometimes called focal ratio, f-ratio, f-stop, or relative aperture) of an optical system is the ratio of the lens's focal length to the diameter of the entrance pupil. It is a dimensionless number that is a quantitative measure of lens speed, and an important concept in photography.


Aperture examples: